Desain dan pembangunan
The Fokker company of the Netherlands started to develop the airliner in November 1992 with an aim to replace its aging Fokker F28 airliner, with a more modern and fuel efficient aircraft. The Fokker perusahaan Belanda mulai mengembangkan pesawat pada bulan November 1992 dengan tujuan untuk menggantikan penuaan Fokker F28 pesawat, dengan yang lebih modern dan efisien bahan bakar pesawat. The Fokker 70's first flight occurred on April 4, 1993 in the company's base at Woensdrecht in southern Netherlands , and had a duration of three hours. The Fokker 70 penerbangan pertama terjadi pada 4 April 1993 di basis perusahaan di Woensdrecht di selatan Belanda, dan memiliki jangka waktu tiga jam. After its first flight, the Fokker 70 was taken to Granada , Spain , where many hours were realized in order to obtain the certification at the end of 1994. Setelah penerbangan pertama, pesawat Fokker 70 itu dibawa ke Granada, Spanyol, di mana banyak jam diwujudkan dalam rangka untuk memperoleh sertifikasi pada akhir 1994. The first production aircraft flew for the first time in July 1994 . Produksi pertama pesawat terbang untuk pertama kalinya pada bulan Juli 1994. Certification was granted on October 14, 1994, while the first delivery of a Fokker 70 to a customer, Ford Motor Company (in an "Executive Jet" configuration), occurred later in the same month. Sertifikasi ini diberikan pada 14 Oktober 1994, sementara pengiriman pertama dari sebuah Fokker 70 sampai pelanggan, Ford Motor Company (dalam "Jet Eksekutif" konfigurasi), terjadi kemudian di bulan yang sama.
The development of the Fokker 70 was based on the need of some airlines for which the Fokker 50 or ATR 42 was too small and Boeing 737 or MD-80 too large for their needs. Perkembangan Fokker 70 ini didasarkan pada kebutuhan dari beberapa maskapai yang Fokker 50 atau ATR 42 itu terlalu kecil dan Boeing 737 atau MD-80 terlalu besar untuk kebutuhan mereka. The development consisted in cutting various sections of the fuselage of the Fokker 100 , removing 4.62 m of the plane's total length but keeping wings and tail. Pembangunan terdiri dalam memotong berbagai bagian dari pesawat Fokker 100, menghapus 4,62 m dari panjang total pesawat namun tetap sayap dan ekor. With these specifications, total capacity is 79 passengers, 70 in the US due more so to meet "scope clause" requirement than to any FAA certification. Dengan spesifikasi ini, total kapasitas 79 penumpang, 70 di Amerika Serikat lebih disebabkan begitu untuk bertemu "lingkup klausul" persyaratan dari sertifikasi FAA apapun.
The Fokker 70 has two Rolls-Royce Tay 620 turbofans placed at the back of the fuselage with 61.6 kN (13,849 lb) of thrust. Fokker 70 yang memiliki dua Rolls-Royce Tay 620 turbofan ditempatkan di bagian belakang pesawat dengan 61,6 kN (13.849 lb) dorong. The weight varies from 22,673 kg (49,985 lb) when empty to 41,730 kg (92,000 lb) at maximum takeoff weight (MTOW). [ 1 ] Berat bervariasi dari 22.673 kg (49.985 lb) ketika kosong 41.730 kg (92.000 lb) Berat maksimum lepas landas (MTOW). [1]
The avionics suite is similar to the Fokker 100, but optimized for regional flights. The avionics suite ini mirip dengan pesawat Fokker 100, tapi dioptimalkan untuk penerbangan regional.
Most Fokker 70 aircraft were delivered for service in Europe, but in 1995 two aircraft were delivered to America West Express as part of an effort to try to introduce the Fokker 70 to the United States. [ citation needed ] Although the earlier Fokker 100 did moderately well in the United States with orders from American Airlines and USAir (now US Airways ), only two aircraft were delivered for service in the United States. [ citation needed ] After Fokker's March 1996 bankruptcy ended any hopes of further production for the US market, the two America West Express aircraft became an expensive subfleet and were sent to Europe in 1997, ending the very short tenure of Fokker 70 operation in the United States. [ citation needed ] Sebagian besar pesawat Fokker 70 dikirim untuk pelayanan di Eropa, tetapi pada tahun 1995 dua pesawat yang dikirimkan ke America West Express sebagai bagian dari upaya untuk mencoba memperkenalkan Fokker 70 ke Amerika Serikat. [Rujukan?] Walaupun sebelumnya Fokker 100 tidak cukup baik di Amerika Serikat dengan perintah dari American Airlines dan USAir (sekarang US Airways), hanya dua pesawat yang dikirim untuk layanan di Amerika Serikat. [rujukan?] Setelah Fokker's kepailitan berakhir Maret 1996 harapan setiap produksi lebih lanjut untuk pasar AS, dua pesawat America West Express subfleet menjadi mahal dan dikirim ke Eropa pada tahun 1997, mengakhiri masa jabatan sangat pendek Fokker 70 operasi di Amerika Serikat. [rujukan?]
The last Fokker 70 was delivered in April 1997 , when the production line closed following Fokker's bankruptcy the previous year. Fokker 70 yang terakhir disampaikan pada bulan April 1997, ketika menutup jalur produksi Fokker berikut kebangkrutan tahun sebelumnya. Over the 70's short production life, 47 were built. Selama 70's pendek kehidupan produksi, 47 dibangun.
Although official production of the Fokker 70 is completed, Rekkof ("Fokker" spelt backwards) has, since 1999, tried to negotiate the re-opening of both the Fokker 100 and Fokker 70 lines, but failed. Meskipun produksi resmi Fokker 70 sudah selesai, Rekkof ( "Fokker" dieja terbalik) ini, sejak 1999, mencoba untuk menegosiasikan kembali pembukaan kedua pesawat Fokker 100 dan Fokker 70 baris, tapi gagal.
Operator
As of November 2009 43 aircraft are still in operational use with airlines [ 2 ] . Pada November 2009 43 pesawat masih dalam operasional digunakan dengan maskapai penerbangan [2].
- Austrian Arrows (9) Austrian Arrows (9)
- KLM Cityhopper (26) KLM Cityhopper (26)
- Carpatair (3) Carpatair (3)
- Vietnam Airlines (2) Vietnam Airlines (2)
Other users: Pengguna lain:
- Dutch Government (1) Pemerintah Belanda (1)
- Ford Motor Company (2) Ford Motor Company (2)
- Republic of Kenya (1) Republik Kenya (1)
- Malev Airlines (5) and Silkair (2) past operators of Fokker 70 Malév Airlines (5) dan SilkAir (2) lalu operator Fokker 70
Spesifikasi
Data from [ 1 ] [ 3 ] Data dari [1] [3]
General characteristics Karakteristik umum
- Capacity: 79 passengers Kapasitas: 79 penumpang
- Length: 30.91 m (101 ft 5 in) Panjang: 30,91 m (101 ft 5 in)
- Wingspan: 28.08 m (92 ft 2 in) Lebar sayap: 28,08 m (92 ft 2 in)
- Height: 8.51 m (27 ft 11 in) Tinggi: 8,51 m (27 ft 11 in)
- Wing area: 93.5 m 2 (1,006 sq ft) Area sayap: 93,5 m 2 (1.006 sq ft)
- Empty weight: 22,673 kg (49,985 lb) Berat kosong: 22.673 kg (49.985 lb)
- Max takeoff weight: 36,740 kg (80,998 lb) , optional MTOW of 38,100 kg, 39,915 kg and 41,730 kg Berat maksimum lepas landas: 36.740 kg (80.998 lb), opsional MTOW dari 38.100 kg, 39.915 kg dan 41.730 kg
- Powerplant: 2 × Rolls-Royce Tay Mk.620 turbofans, 61.6 kN (13,800 lbf) thrust each Mesin: 2 × Rolls-Royce Tay Mk.620 turbofan, 61,6 kN (13.800 lbf) dorongan masing-masing
Performance Kinerja
- Maximum speed: Mach 0.77 Kecepatan maksimum: Mach 0,77
- Cruising speed: 835 km/h (519 mph; 451 kn) Cruising speed: 835 km / h (519 mph; 451 kn)
- Range: 2,010 km (1,249 mi; 1,085 nmi) or 3,410km (1,840 nmi) for high gross weight version with extra fuel tanks Range: 2.010 km (1.249 mi; 1.085 nm) atau 3.410 km (1.840 nm) untuk versi berat bruto tinggi dengan tangki bahan bakar ekstra
- Service ceiling: 10,668 m (35,000 ft) Atap servis: 10.668 m (35.000 ft)
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